Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kesehatan Mental pada Remaja
Abstract
The period of growth and development in adolescence is characterized by neurodevelopment, identity formation, and behavioral patterns that can increase or decrease mental health. Mental health is very important to support productivity and quality of physical health. Mental health must be maintained both physically and mentally, currently more attention is given, both to adults and even teenagers, including groups who are prone to mental disorders or mental disorders that are quite high. One of the prevention strategies to reduce the possibility of mental health disorders is to do physical activity. The objectives of the study was to determine the relationship between physical activity and mental health of adolescents. The type of research used is correlational research with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were adolescents aged 10-19 years. The sample in this study were all teenagers in Central Banjar, a total of 114 teenagers. Univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis with Spearman rank. The measuring instruments used to assess are physical activity questionnaires (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)) and mental health (The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF)). The results showed that most of the adolescents included in the high physical activity category as many as 60 adolescents (52.6%) and included in the mental healthy category as many as 74 adolescents (64.9%). The results of the bivariate test with the Spearman Ranks test obtained a p value of 0.001 (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship (p = 0.001) between physical activity and adolescent mental health. Based on the results of this study, so that further researchers can identify specifically the type of physical activity that is most effective and effective time in carrying out activities that can affect mental health in adolescents.
Keywords: physical activity, mental health, adolescents
References
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[33]. Arslan, G., & Allen, K. A. (2020). Complete mental health in elementary school children: Understanding youth school functioning and adjustment. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00628-0
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[35]. Sanders, R. A. (2013). Adolescent psychosocial, social, and cognitive development. Pediatrics in Review, 34(8), 354–359. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.34-8-354
[36]. McMahon, E. M., Corcoran, P., O’Regan, G., Keeley, H., Cannon, M., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Sarchiapone, M., Apter, A., Balazs, J., Balint, M., Bobes, J., Brunner, R., Cozman, D., Haring, C., Iosue, M., Kaess, M., Kahn, J. P., … Wasserman, D. (2017). Physical activity in European adolescents and associations with anxiety, depression and well-being. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26(1), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0875-9
[37]. Wheatley, C., Wassenaar, T., Salvan, P., Beale, N., Nichols, T., Dawes, H., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2020). Associations between fitness, physical activity and mental health in a community sample of young British adolescents: Baseline data from the Fit to Study trial. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 6(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000819
[2]. Min, J. H., Lee, E. Y., Spence, J. C., & Jeon, J. Y. (2017). Physical activity, weight status and psychological well-being among a large national sample of South Korean adolescents. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 12, 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2017.02.004
[3]. Rodriguez-Ayllon, M., Cadenas-Sánchez, C., Estévez-López, F., Muñoz, N. E., Mora-Gonzalez, J., Migueles, J. H., Molina-García, P., Henriksson, H., Mena-Molina, A., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Catena, A., Löf, M., Erickson, K. I., Lubans, D. R., Ortega, F. B., & Esteban-Cornejo, I. (2019). Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in the Mental Health of Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Sports Medicine, 49(9), 1383–1410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01099-5
[4]. WHO. 2016. Promoting Mental Health : concepts, emerging evidence, practice: summary report.Geneva, World Health Organization.https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42940/9241591595.pdf
[5]. Riskesdas. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian RI
[6]. Bintang, A. Z., & Mandagi, A. M. (2021). Kejadian Depresi Pada Remaja Menurut Dukungan Sosial Di Kabupaten Jember. Journal of Community Mental Health and Public Policy, 3(2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.51602/cmhp.v3i2.55
[7]. Arat, G., & Wong, P. W. C. (2017). The relationship between physical activity and mental health among adolescents in six middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study. Child and Youth Services, 38(3), 180–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2017.1297202
[8]. Hobson-Powel, A. (2020). Exercise For Kids. Australia: Exercise & Sports Science Australia (ESSA).
[9]. Bates, L. C., Zie, G., Stanford, K., Moore, J. B., Kerr, Z. Y., Hanson, E. D., Gibbs, B. B., Kline, C. E., & Stoner, L. (2020). COVID-19 Impact on Behaviors across the 24-Hour Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep. Children.
[10]. Maugeri, G., Castrogiovanni, P., Battaglia, G., Pippi, R., D’Agata, V., Palma, A., Di Rosa, M., & Musumeci, G. (2020). The impact of physical activity on psychological health during Covid-19 pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, 6(6), e04315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04315
[11]. Bangsbo, J., Krustrup, P., Duda, J., Hillman, C., Andersen, L. B., Weiss, M., Williams, C. A., Lintunen, T., Green, K., Hansen, P. R., Naylor, P. J., Ericsson, I., Nielsen, G., Froberg, K., Bugge, A., Lundbye-Jensen, J., Schipperijn, J., Dagkas, S., Agergaard, S., Elbe, A. M. (2016). The Copenhagen Consensus Conference 2016: children, youth, and physical activity in schools and during leisure time. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(19), 1177–1178. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096325
[12]. Cairney, J., Dudley, D., Kwan, M., Bulten, R., & Kriellaars, D. (2019). Physical Literacy, Physical Activity and Health: Toward an Evidence-Informed Conceptual Model. Sports Medicine, 49(3),371–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01063-3
[13]. Koo, K. M., & Kim, C. J. (2018). The effect of the type of physical activity on the perceived stress level in people with activity limitations. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 14(3), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836164.082
[14]. Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., Kelly, P., Smith, J., Raine, L., & Biddle, S. (2016). Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: A systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics, 138(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1642
[15]. Barney, D. C., Pleban, F. T., & Lewis, T. (2019). Relationship Between Physical Activity and Stress Among Junior High School Students in the Physical Education Environment. The Physical Educator, 76(3), 777–799. https://doi.org/10.18666/tpe-2019-v76-i3-8966
[16]. Groffik, D., Fromel, K., & Badura, P. (2020). Composition of weekly physical activity in adolescents by level of physical activity. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08711-8
[17]. Navti, L. K., Atanga, M. B., & Niba, L. L. (2017). Associations of out of school physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and socioeconomic status with weight status and adiposity of Cameroon children. BMC Obesity, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40608-017-0171-3
[18]. Tajik, E., Abdlatiff, L., Adznam, S. N., Awang, H., Yitsiew, C., & Abubakar, A. S. (2017). A study on level of physical activity, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among adolescents. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(10), 1382–1387. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022- 4707.16.06658-5
[19]. Alfianto, C., Wahyuni, T. D., & Sutriningsih, A. (2016). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik dan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Obesitas Pada Remaja Di SMA Laboratorium Malang. Nursing News : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Keperawatan, 1(1), 1–6. jurnalpsik.unitri@gmail.com
[20]. Fithroni, H., & Ramadhani, N. W. (2020). Identifikasi Pola Aktivitas Fisik Anak Sekolah Dasar di Kota Surabaya dan Kabupaten Ngajuk. Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 211-216.
[21]. Booth, M. (2000). Assessment of physical activity: An international perspective. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 71(August), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2000.11082794
[22]. Keyes, Corey L. M.. (2002). The Mental Health Continuum: From Languishing to Flourishing in Life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207- 222. https://doi.org/10.2307/3090197
[23]. Zenic, N., Taiar, R., Gilic, B., Blazevic, M., Maric, D., Pojskic, H., & Sekulic, D. (2020). Levels and changes of physical activity in adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing urban vs. Rural living environment. Applied Sciences, 10(11), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP10113997
[24]. Schuch, Felipe Barreto; Vancampfort, D. (2021). Physical Activity, Exercise, And Mental Disorders: It Is Time To Move On. Trends In Psychiatry And Psychotherapy, 43(3), 177–184. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0237
[25]. Murbawani, E. adi. (2017). Hubungan persen lemak tubuh dan aktivitas fisik dengan tingkat kesegaran jasmani remaja putri. Journal of Nutrition and Health, 5(2), 69–84.
[26]. Krismawati, L. D. E., Andayani, N. L. N., & Wahyuni, N. (2019). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh (Imt) Pada Remaja Usia 16-18 Tahun Di Sma Negeri 2 Denpasar. Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia, 7(1), 29–32
[27]. Welis,Wilda & Sazeli, Rifki Muhamad. (2013). Gizi untuk Aktifitas Fisik dan Kebugaran. Sukabina Press, Padang. ISBN 978-602-1650-02-8
[28]. Piercy, K. L., Troiano, R. P., Ballard, R. M., Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Galuska, D. A., George, S. M., & Olson, R. D. (2018). The physical activity guidelines for Americans. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 320(19), 2020–2028. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.14854
[29]. Lu, C., Stolk, R. P., Sauer, P. J. J., Sijtsma, A., Wiersma, R., Huang, G., & Corpeleijn, E. (2017). Factors of physical activity among Chinese children and adolescents: A systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966- 017-0486-y
[30]. Loh, V. H. Y., Veitch, J., Salmon, J., Cerin, E., Thornton, L., Mavoa, S., Villanueva, K., & Timperio, A. (2019). Built environment and physical activity among adolescents: The moderating effects of neighborhood safety and social support. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0898-y
[31]. Fortinash, K. M., & Worret, P. A. (2014). Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing - E- Book (Fifth Edition ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences
[32]. Winurini, S. (2019). Hubungan Religiusitas dan Kesehatan Mental pada Remaja Pesantren di Tabanan. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, 10(2), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.46807/aspirasi.v10i2.1428
[33]. Arslan, G., & Allen, K. A. (2020). Complete mental health in elementary school children: Understanding youth school functioning and adjustment. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00628-0
[34]. Guo, C., Tomson, G., Keller, C., & Söderqvist, F. (2018). Prevalence and correlates of positive mental health in Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5133-2
[35]. Sanders, R. A. (2013). Adolescent psychosocial, social, and cognitive development. Pediatrics in Review, 34(8), 354–359. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.34-8-354
[36]. McMahon, E. M., Corcoran, P., O’Regan, G., Keeley, H., Cannon, M., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Sarchiapone, M., Apter, A., Balazs, J., Balint, M., Bobes, J., Brunner, R., Cozman, D., Haring, C., Iosue, M., Kaess, M., Kahn, J. P., … Wasserman, D. (2017). Physical activity in European adolescents and associations with anxiety, depression and well-being. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26(1), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0875-9
[37]. Wheatley, C., Wassenaar, T., Salvan, P., Beale, N., Nichols, T., Dawes, H., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2020). Associations between fitness, physical activity and mental health in a community sample of young British adolescents: Baseline data from the Fit to Study trial. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 6(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000819
Published
2023-06-29
How to Cite
SATYA LAKSMI, I Gusti Ayu Putu; JAYANTI, Desak Made Ari Dwi.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kesehatan Mental pada Remaja.
JURNAL ILKES (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan), [S.l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 11-19, june 2023.
ISSN 2549-9408.
Available at: <https://ilkeskh.org/index.php/ilkes/article/view/260>. Date accessed: 09 may 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.35966/ilkes.v14i1.260.
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